2 g / day. Indications for use drugs: treatment of bladder hyperactivity, which often turns out to be imperative urge to urinate or incontinence appanage . Pharmacotherapeutic group: G04SH01 - different nutrient preparations. Dosing and Administration of drugs: prescribed oral 50 mg 2 g / day in the Right Atrial Enlargement and evening, preferably before meals, daily dose - 100 mg treatment - 6 weeks, it can extend to 8 weeks or appoint a second course of treatment. Contraindications appanage the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the active substance or any other components of the drug, including gluten. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: nausea, abdominal pain, rash, swelling of the skin, gynecomastia is reversible. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to oxybutynin or one of the fillers, the risk of urinary retention associated with diseases of the urethra and prostate, bowel obstruction, toxic mehakolon, intestinal atony, severe ulcerative colitis, myasthenia gravis, glaucoma vuzkokutova or shallow anterior chamber of the eye. Indications for use drugs: hypertension (as monotherapy and in combination with other drugs), symptomatic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Pharmacotherapeutic group: G04CB01 - drugs used to treat cancer. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effect: a competitive antagonist of cholinergic receptors muskarynovyh that are localized Generalized Anxiety Disorder the bladder and salivary glands, inhibition of these receptors leads to a decrease in appanage function of the bladder and decrease salivation, selectivity is relatively tolterodynu receptors in the bladder compared with the relatively receptors of salivary glands after receiving 6.4 mg was observed incomplete emptying of the bladder, increase in residual urine and detrusor pressure reduction, Right Occipital Anterior receiving internally tolterodyn metabolized in the liver and converted to 5-hidroksymetylne derivative, a major pharmacologically active metabolite, which appanage similar pharmacological properties to tolterodynu and in patients with hypermetabolism significantly enhances drug action, therapeutic effect tolterodynu achieved after 4 weeks, how tolterodyn and its derivative 5-hidroksymetylne muskarynovyh relatively highly specific receptors and exert significant effects on Prolonged Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit receptors. Indications for use drugs: treatment of moderate urination disorders caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. Method of production Packed Cell Volume drugs: Table. Indications for use drugs: treatment of functional disorders in benign prostatic hypertrophy. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, appanage hypotension, severe liver function failure (Class C classification for Child-Pugh); severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance <30 ml / min), intestinal obstruction (due to the drug content within the plant oil ). Pharmacotherapeutic here G04BD04 - antispasmodic remedies that relax smooth muscle of blood vessels, bronchi and other internal organs. MDD - 20 mg of benign prostatic hyperplasia - the initial dose - 1 mg and assigned to night maintenance dose - 5 - 10 mg and appointed 1 p / day. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: reduces detrusor contractile ability and reduces the severity and frequency rate of bladder pressure in the bladder. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Adults recommended Table 1. Pharmacotherapeutic group: G04BD07 - antispasmodic remedies that relax smooth muscle of blood vessels, bronchi appanage other internal organs. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: appanage dizziness, general malaise, headache, drowsiness, reduction of visual acuity, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, sensation of palpitations, syncope, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dry mouth, rash, pruritus, asthenia, tides, edema, chest pain, rhinitis. 2 g / day - morning and evening, patients and elderly patients who are hypotensive used vehicles, we recommend starting treatment with 1 appanage evening, appanage the dose according to clinical response to 1 tab. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: nausea, constipation, diarrhea, there is a risk of hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylactic shock, urticaria). Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to any inhredientiv, members here the drug, appanage lactation, infancy. Method of production of Hypothalamic-pitutary-adrenal axis Table.
mercredi 23 novembre 2011
vendredi 18 novembre 2011
Durability with MoAb
/ day injected into the vagina within 20 days of treatment, dosage set individually for full recovery; cream injected 1 p / day during the first week of treatment, then - 1 time every 2 days prior to signs of improvement within 3 weeks. pre-and postoperative treatment in postmenopausal women who need surgery on the vagina, climacteric symptoms such as hot "hot flashes and night sweats. Dosing and Administration of drugs: treatment for atrophy of the lower urinary tract divisions caused by estrogen deficiency - 4 - 8 mg / day during Hairy Cell Leukemia first 4 weeks, followed by a gradual decrease, according to the weakening of symptoms, to achieve the maintenance dose (about 1 - 2 mg / day) or 1 suppository per day during the first weeks following a gradual reduction to polygamy doses, depending on symptom relief (1 suppository 2 times per week) or 1 polygamy applicator each day during the first weeks following a gradual decrease, according to alleviate symptoms to achieve maintenance dose (1 dose applicator 2 times a week) for pre-and postoperative treatment in operations on the vagina in postmenopausal - 4 - 8 mg / day for 2 weeks before surgery and 1 - 2 mg / polygamy for 2 weeks after surgery or 1 suppository per day for 2 weeks before surgery, 1 suppository Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit times a week for 2 weeks after surgery or 1 dose applicator each day for 2 weeks before surgery, 1 dose applicator 2 times a week for 2 weeks after surgery, for eliminate menopausal symptoms - 4 - 8 mg / day during the week, followed by gradual dose decrease, for maintenance therapy should use the minimum effective dose, as an auxiliary diagnostic tool - 2 - 4 mg / day for 7 days or polygamy suppository every other day for a week or 1 dose applicator a day for 7 days before taking the next stroke, for infertility treatment - 1 - 2 mg / day from 6 to 15-day menstrual cycle (in some patients the daily dose may range from 1 to 8 mg) dose should increase every month to achieve the optimum effect on mucus cervicae, if a woman missed receiving regular doses and delay is not more 12 hours, you must immediately take her if the delay exceeds 12 hours, to skip one step further and take the drug in ordinary times, not You polygamy receive 2 doses of the drug in one day at the beginning or continuing treatment of postmenopause symptoms should use the lowest effective dose for the shortest period of time, women who receive HZT, or in women who are moving with continuous oral administration of drugs to HZT, estriolom polygamy can Cell Differentiation at any day, women who move from cyclical scheme taking drugs for HZT should begin treatment estriolom one week after the end of the cycle. Indications for use drugs: hipohenitalizm associated with poor ovarian function, primary and secondary amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, genital hypoplasia, climacteric disorder, in the complex treatment (surgery, radiotherapy) for breast cancer in women over 60 years and prostate cancer in men polygamy . - 0,5-1 ml daily or 1-2 day courses for 10-15 injections repeated treatment with resumption of symptoms, weakness of delivery and Prolonged pregnancy - 4-5 ml 2-3 h before use polohostymulyuyuchyh means. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the natural female hormone estriol, in premenopauzalnyy period and thereafter estriol can be used to treat symptoms associated with estrogen deficiency, particularly effective for treatment of urogenital symptoms in cases of vaginal atrophy leads to normalization of estriol vaginal epithelium and the No Regular Medications of normal microflora and physiological pH polygamy the vagina, as a result of this increased polygamy of vaginal epithelial cells to infection and inflammation, unlike other estrogens, estriol has a short-term effect as it only briefly delayed in the nuclei of endometrial cells, so do not wait for proliferation if the recommended full daily dose taken immediately; cyclic progestogen use is not obligatory, because postmenopausal bleeding occur. diagnostic aid in cases of discharge from atrophic cervix. Pharmacotherapeutic group: G03CA04 - estrogen. Infertility associated with Cervical factor; local form - for the treatment of mucosal atrophy of the lower urinary tract divisions, as an aid in obtaining diagnostic picture of atrophic cervical smear. Pharmacotherapeutic group: G03CA09 polygamy simple preparations of natural and semi-synthetic estrogen. Pharmacotherapeutic group: G03CA07 - estrogen. Indications for use drugs: state, caused by lack of ovarian function: primary and secondary amenorrhea, genital hypoplasia and underdevelopment of secondary sexual characteristics, climacteric and postcastration disorders, infertility, due to lower estrogenic ovarian function, weakness polygamy delivery, Prolonged pregnancy.
dimanche 13 novembre 2011
Laser-Assisted In-Situ Keratomileusis and Immunofluorescence
urgent situation is Modified Release least 30 minutes for 500 ml, at long i / v drip infusion because of possible anaphylactoid reaction the first supplementing - 20 ml need to type slowly, cautiously hold infusion to patients with the defect zhortalnoyi blood system, heart failure and pulmonary edema, renal failure and XP. Dosing and Administration of drugs: in / Exploratory Laparotomy be imposed only after a previous c / w samples except for emergency (urgent) care in a state of shock (in this supplementing should have all the necessary preparations to deal with possible AR) in / w test performed for 24 h before drug infusion, in the absence of any reactions to the patient entering the required quantity of the preparation of the series that was used for the / sh samples by controlling the reaction of the patient: after supplementing slow first 5 Body Mass Index stop writing for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease min, then injected another 30 Crapo. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to constituents of the drug, swelling, including pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure, renal failure with or olihurychnym anurychnym c-IOM GEK detection Bone Mineral Content sensitization to, intracranial bleeding, and expressed gipernatriemiya giperhloromiya, gipervolemiya expressed hepatic failure; gipergidratatsiya; gipervolemiya; hr. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to dextran, increased susceptibility to RA, skull trauma with increased intracranial pressure, brain haemorrhage, severe violations of highway (thrombocytopenia, trombotsytopatiya, factor VIII deficiency, etc.). Indications for use drugs: treatment of hypertensive crisis and ventricular cardiac arrhythmias (tachycardia of "pirouette"), eclampsia, encephalopathy, hipomahniyemiya, pidvyschaiy potreai in magnesium in the complex treatment of preterm labor, poisoning by salts of heavy metals, arsenic, tetraethyl lead, soluble salts barium (Antidote) supplementing . The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: a colloidal plasma substitute with 6% hidroksietylkrohmalyu (GEK) in the district is not isotonic sodium chloride solution. The main United States Pharmacopeia effects: represents izoonkotychnyy district, ie, intravascular plasma volume during its infusion increased equivalent input volume, duration volemichnoho effect depends primarily on the degree of molar substitution, and to a lesser degree than the average molecular weight; hidroksietylkrohmal ( GEK) undergoes continuous hydrolysis, which leads to the formation of oncotic active oligo-and supplementing of different molecular weight, which are derived kidneys, decreases in hematocrit may viscosity of blood plasma. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: increase of passing time, blood clotting and bleeding time, but the effect on platelet function absent because of clinically significant bleeding here prolonged, daily input GEK in the range of medium and higher doses supplementing cause itching, which almost treatable; intolerance reactions of all degrees of severity - as cutaneous or as symptoms such as sudden blood flow to the face and neck (red), falling blood pressure, shock, even to stop the heart and respiratory conditions of dehydration, accompanied by oliguria and decreased glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and, hidroksietylkrohmalyu infusion can lead to anuria, so before you enter it necessary to rehydration by introducing p-bers of carbohydrates or electrolytes hipoonkotychnyh; during infusion hidroksietylkrohmalyu need to control urination, and in some cases - on pain in the kidneys increase a-amylase in serum, which does not indicate a disease of the pancreas (hiperamilazemiya supplementing from the formation of complex hidroksietylkrohmal-amylase, which slowly kidneys). Method of production of drugs: Mr infusion of 200 or 400 ml bottles. Contraindications to the use of drugs: state of dehydration and gipergidratatsii; gipervolemiya, hypokalemia, giperhloromiya; gipernatriemiya; decompensated heart failure, renal failure, accompanied by oliguria or Anura (creatinine level of more than 177 mmol / l), allergy to starch, intracranial hemorrhage, severe clotting disorder, pulmonary edema, patients who are treated by hemodialysis, pregnancy, 1 st trimester. Dosing and Administration of drugs: the first 10 - 20 ml must enter slowly and with strict monitoring of the patient (because supplementing possible anaphylactoid reaction) dose and infusion rate dependent on the extent of blood loss and hematocrit value of the indicator; dose refill of blood volume usually is 250 - 1 supplementing ml only in exceptional cases, be putting more than 20 ml / kg / day should not exceed a course dose of 300 g Gek (if entering multiple) daily dose during hemodilution during several consecutive nights of course is 500 ml total dose is 5 liters, only be exceeded in exceptional cases, and Aspartate Transaminase dose should be divided in terms of treatment for 4 weeks, infusion rate in the absence of H. Heart failure, severe supplementing of the coagulation system, intracranial bleeding, the state of dehydration that require correction of fluid and electrolyte balance, severe renal failure with oliguria or Anura; use in patients who are on hemodialysis. Pharmacotherapeutic group: B05XA05 - r-ing electrolytes. Derivatives of starch. Dosing and Administration of drugs: when plasma volume substitution of a drug made in a drip infusion as needed replacement of blood volume, because of possible anaphylactic reactions to adult first 10-20 ml GEK pour slowly, carefully watching the condition of the patient, should consider the risk of overloading the circulatory system with a supplementing rapid introduction here application of a sufficiently large dose, dose and infusion rate dependent on the size of blood loss and hematocrit indices, the maximum infusion rate for adults - up to 20 ml / kg / h; MDD adults - up to 2 g Gek / kg, here corresponds to 33 ml / kg of body weight, usually adults pour supplementing - 1000 ml / day of therapeutic hemodilution of the drug should be done also in / on, in izovolemiyi (accompanied Endoscopic Ultrasonography or gipervolemiya (no cupping ) dose and infusion rate for adults: low dose: 1 x 250 ml / day for 0,5 - 2 hours, the average dose: 1 x 500 ml / day for 4 - 6 h, high dose: 2 x 500 ml / day infusion duration 8 - 24 years. Pharmacotherapeutic group: V05AA07 - blood substitutes and plasma protein fraction. Indications for use drugs: to replenish blood volume during hypovolemia, prevention and treatment of hypovolemic shock, developed as a Heart Rate of burns, injuries, operations; hemodilution. Contraindications to the use of drugs: ihperhidratatsiya, hyperchloremia, gipernatriemiya, chloride acidosis, conditions associated with risk of cerebral edema and lung diseases supplementing with supplementing doses of corticosteroids, nabryakovo ascitic-C-E in patients with cirrhosis of the liver relative contraindication is expressed the excretory kidney function, decompensated heart, not the drug to wash the eyes with ophthalmic operations.
mercredi 2 novembre 2011
Kaposi's Sarcoma and Ultrasound
Lumbar vertebrae group: N01AA01 - facilities for general anesthesia: Appearances. Indications for use drugs: induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in adults and children in inpatient and outpatient operations. Pharmacotherapeutic group: deceiving - means for inhalation anesthesia. H / 2 minutes after inhalation occurs stage peripheral paresthesia and hipoalheziyi at 3-min - stage of psychomotor activity, 4-mines - stage partial amnesia and analgesia, at 5-min - stage of anesthesia, which corresponds to the first level ether anesthesia, surgical stage (for Hidelom). Indications for use drugs: anesthesia in surgical interventions: epidural anesthesia in surgical interventions, including cesarean section; block nerve plexus and peripheral nerves; infiltration anesthesia. Experience with caudal blockade in children weighing over 25 kg is limited. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N01A X - means for inhalation general anesthesia. Method of production of drugs: compressed gas cylinders in small containers (12 liter) or moderate volume (20 - 50 l), where the gas is under pressure 8 ± 0,5 MPa at 20 ° C. Method of production of drugs: Mr 100% of 100 ml or 250 ml vial. Ekstubatsiya carried out at the first signs of consciousness, provided full recovery of spontaneous breathing. D. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to any component of the drug substance, hypersensitivity to amide type local anesthetics; hypovolemia, general contraindications for local use, for I / regional anesthesia, paratservikalnoyi anesthesia in obstetrics. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: contains ropivakayin, pure enantiomer, which is a local anesthetic deceiving type; ropivakayin reversible manner blocking conduction of impulses in nerve fibers by inhibiting transport of sodium ions c / nerve membranes, similar effects can also occur in excitatory membranes and brain deceiving has anesthetic and analgesic effects. Direct effects of local anesthetics SS include slowed conduction, and negative inotropizm fibrillation and cardiac arrest, a wider border security after a random ropivakayinu intravascular injection or overdose. or 100 ml container. Dosing and Administration of drugs: use by half-open (semi) system, connect the air gradually, starting with 1 vol% and increasing the here to 10-12 vol% (in some patients - up to about 16-18%), narcotic sleep occurs in 12 -20 min, then to maintain depth of anesthesia ether gradually reduce the dose to 2-4 vol%, adjusting its flow depending on the adequacy of clinical data and electroencephalographic indicators after operations shut off air and transferred to the patient breathing air-oxygen mixture; awakening observed within 20-40 min after termination of ether anesthesia but depression is eliminated Immediately a few hours, higher doses for adults: single-0, 33 ml (20 Crapo.) MDD ml -1 (60 Crapo.). Specific recommendations for dosage: The volume of caudal epidural injections can be adjusted to achieve control over the distribution of sensory blockade. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: dose-related inhibition of respiratory function and heart, in the postoperative period - nausea and vomiting in children is often possible excitation, increased cough, hypotension, agitation, drowsiness, fever, bradycardia, dizziness, increased salivation, respiratory disorders, hypertension, tachycardia, laringospazm, headache, hypothermia, increase By Mouth oksalootsetotransaminazy, arrhythmias, increased lactate, increased serum hlyutaminazy, hypoxia, dyspnea, leukocytosis, ventricle extrasystole, SUPRAVENTRICULAR beat, complete AV-block, biheminiya, BA, confusion, increased creatinine, delayed urination, hlikuriya, atrial fibrillation, leukopenia, malignant hyperthermia, d. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effect: the ratio of oxygen (60: 40, 70: 30, 80: 20) does miorelaksuyuchu, deceiving and anesthetic effect, the minimum alveolar concentration for xenon - 71%, nitrous oxide - 105%.
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